To make room for settlement, Jefferson began the process of Indian tribal removal from the newly acquired territory. Starting in 1803, he promoted a western expansionist policy with the Louisiana Purchase which doubled the nation's claimed land area. After his term in office, Jefferson eventually reconciled with Adams and they shared a correspondence that lasted fourteen years.Īs president, Jefferson pursued the nation's shipping and trade interests against Barbary pirates and aggressive British trade policies. Jefferson challenged Adams again in 1800 and won the presidency. In the 1796 presidential election between the two, Jefferson came in second, which according to electoral procedure at the time, made him vice president to Adams. Jefferson and Federalist John Adams became friends as well as political rivals, serving in the Continental Congress and drafting the Declaration of Independence together. With Madison, he anonymously wrote the provocative Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions in 17, which sought to strengthen states' rights by nullifying the federal Alien and Sedition Acts. Jefferson and James Madison organized the Democratic-Republican Party to oppose the Federalist Party during the formation of the First Party System. In 1785, Jefferson was appointed the United States Minister to France, and subsequently, the nation's first secretary of state under President George Washington from 1790 to 1793. He served as the second Governor of Virginia from 1779 to 1781, during the Revolutionary War. As a Virginia legislator, he drafted a state law for religious freedom. He produced formative documents and decisions at state, national, and international levels.ĭuring the American Revolution, Jefferson represented Virginia in the Continental Congress that adopted the Declaration of Independence. The principal author of the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson was a proponent of democracy, republicanism, and individual rights, motivating American colonists to break from the Kingdom of Great Britain and form a new nation. He was previously the second vice president of the United States under John Adams and the first United States secretary of state under George Washington. Thomas Jefferson (Ap – July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809. Minister Plenipotentiary for Negotiating Treaties of Amity and Commerceĭelegate from Virginia to the Congress of the Confederationĭelegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress
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